The texts presented here extensively examine the position of womanhood and feminine principles in Christian traditions, particularly from Catholic, Orthodox, and Gnostic perspectives. The first part describes in detail the role of the Virgin Mary in the New Testament and in the theology of the Catholic and Orthodox Churches, including Marian dogmas, veneration, and titles, while also comparing her to Mary Magdalene. The second part focuses on Gnostic texts and their conception of female divinity, such as the figures of Barbelo, Sophia, and Eve, and analyzes Gnostic cosmology with concepts of eons and syzygies that emphasize the equality of the masculine and feminine principles. The sources also compare these traditions from a philosophical, anthropological, religious, and sociological perspective, tracing their influence on the perception of women throughout history and in modern feminist theology, and include reflections on the possible connection between Gnostic archetypes and Slavic goddesses in the context of modern Gnosticism. The conclusion includes a glossary of terms and a list of references.

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